To begin with...: "a) Each Mandala (or upam). contains hymns ascribed to the descendants of earlier mandalas (or upam.s), or the ancestors of later mandalas (or upam.s). b) Each Mandala (or upam.) contains references to composers from earlier or contemporaneous mandalas (or upam.s)” And "in not one of these respects do we find the allegedly ‘concocted' Anukramani ascriptions .... differing from the allegedly ‘original' ascriptions”.